Anatomy of Breathing

Structure of the nasal septum and effective prevention of viral infections

What is the Nasal Septum?

The nasal septum (Latin: septum nasi) is a vertical structure that divides the nasal cavity into two anatomical halves. It plays a critical role in the aerodynamics of breathing, ensuring the proper distribution of airflow.

Cartilage

The front part of the septum consists of the quadrangular cartilage. It gives the nose flexibility and acts as a shock absorber against physical impact.

Bone

The rear part is formed by the perpendicular plate of the ethmoid bone and the vomer. This rigid structure provides foundational support for the external nose.

Mucous Membrane

It covers the septum on both sides and is highly vascularized (Kiesselbach's plexus). It contains ciliated epithelium, which actively cleanses the inhaled air.

Core Functions

Cold & Flu Prevention

A healthy nasal mucous membrane is the body's first and most important barrier against viruses. To maintain its efficiency, consider the following measures:

Humidity Control

Dry air destroys the protective mucus layer. Maintain indoor humidity levels between 40% and 60% using humidifiers.

Nasal Hygiene

Rinsing the nose with isotonic saline solutions (e.g., seawater-based) after visiting crowded places helps wash away settled viral particles.

Temperature Regulation

The optimal indoor temperature is 18-20°C (64-68°F). Cool, moist air is the best defense against the drying out of the nasal septum.

General Immunity

Adequate sleep, a balanced diet (especially vitamins C and D), and moderate physical activity keep the body ready to fight off infections.